Download HCIA-Access V2.5.H35-210_V2.5.VCEplus.2025-02-25.33q.vcex

Firewall Settings (Option A) :Incorrect firewall settings on the PC can block outbound HTTP/HTTPS traffic, preventing access to web pages.Browser Settings (Option B) :Misconfigured browser settings (e.g., proxy settings in Internet Explorer) can prevent the browser from connecting to websites.Upper-Layer Device Configuration (Option C) :Incorrect configurations on upper-layer devices (e.g., NAT, routing, or DNS settings) can prevent proper communication between the user and external networks.Website Server Fault (Option D) : If the issue affects all web pages , it is unlikely to be caused by a single website server being faulty. This option is irrelevant in this scenario.Why A, B, C?These options directly address potential issues that could prevent access to all web pages after successful authentication.Thus, the correct answers are A, B, C .HCIA Huawei ACCESS Official Documentation , Chapter: Broadband Troubleshooting.Broadband Access Network Fault Analysis by Huawei.

PPP Protocol Overview :PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) uses the PROTOCOL field in its header to identify the type of encapsulated protocol.Protocol Field Values :0x8021 : Indicates IPCP (Internet Protocol Control Protocol) , which is used to negotiate IP-related parameters during PPP session establishment.0xC021 : Indicates LCP (Link Control Protocol) , which is used for establishing, configuring, and testing the PPP link.0x002B : Indicates IPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange) .0x0021 : Indicates IP (Internet Protocol) .Why A?The value 0x8021 corresponds to IPCP , making it the correct answer.Thus, the correct answer is A .HCIA Huawei ACCESS Official Documentation , Chapter: PPP Protocol.RFC 1661: PPP Protocol Specification .

DHCP Relay Agent Functionality :A DHCP relay agent forwards DHCP packets between clients and servers located in different subnets.It modifies the packet headers to ensure proper delivery:Converts broadcast packets from clients into unicast packets to forward them to the DHCP server.Converts unicast responses from the DHCP server back into broadcast packets for delivery to clients.Why C?The DHCP relay agent performs bidirectional conversion between broadcast and unicast packets to facilitate communication between clients and servers in different subnets. Other Options :A : Incorrect because DHCP relay agents do not convert packet types (e.g., Ethernet vs. non-Ethernet).B : Incorrect because the relay agent handles both broadcast-to-unicast and unicast-to-broadcast conversions.D : Incorrect because the relay agent modifies unicast packets during forwarding.Thus, the correct answer is C .HCIA Huawei ACCESS Official Documentation , Chapter: DHCP Relay Agent.RFC 2131: DHCP Protocol Specification .

Let us analyze each option:Option A : Incorrect. A route does not include MAC addresses. It typically consists of a destination network, subnet mask, next-hop address, and outgoing interface.Option B : Correct. IP routes are essential for guiding the forwarding of IP packets from the source to the destination. Routers use routing tables to determine the best path for packet delivery.Option C : Incorrect. Routing is a concept at the network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model, not the data link layer (Layer 2).Option D : Incorrect. A route does not require the source address. It only needs the destination network, subnet mask, and next-hop information.Thus, the correct answer is B .HCIA Huawei ACCESS Official Documentation , Chapter: IP Routing Basics.Routing Fundamentals in IP Networks by Huawei.

When a router forwards packets, it selects the route with the longest prefix match (most specific route) for the destination address.First Route : Matches 9.0.0.0/8, which covers all IP addresses starting with 9.Second Route : Matches 9.1.0.0/16, which is more specific and covers IP addresses starting with 9.1.For the destination address 9.1.4.5 , the second route (9.1.0.0/16) is a better match because it is more specific than the first route (9.0.0.0/8).Option A : Incorrect. OSPF has a higher priority, but the longest prefix match takes precedence over priority.Option B : Correct. The second route matches the destination address more accurately. Option C : Incorrect. Metric is not considered when comparing routes with different prefix lengths.Option D : Incorrect. Interface speed is irrelevant in route selection.HCIA Huawei ACCESS Official Documentation , Chapter: IP Routing Table Selection.Routing Principles and Longest Prefix Match by Huawei.

The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is used to map IP addresses to MAC addresses in a local network. ARP operates at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model and is essential for communication within a LAN.ARP Request :When a device needs to communicate with another device on the same network but does not know the destination's MAC address, it sends an ARP Request .Since the sender does not know the MAC address of the destination, it cannot send the request directly to the destination using unicast. Instead, the ARP Request is sent as a broadcast packet to all devices on the local network.The broadcast packet has a destination MAC address of FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF, which ensures that all devices on the network receive the packet.ARP Response :The device with the matching IP address responds with an ARP Reply , which is sent as a unicast packet back to the requesting device.Why Not Other Options?Anycast : This involves sending packets to the nearest device in a group of devices sharing the same IP address. ARP does not use anycast.Unicast : ARP Requests cannot be sent as unicast because the sender does not yet know the destination's MAC address.Multicast : Multicast is used for sending packets to a specific group of devices, but ARP Requests are sent to all devices on the network, making broadcast the correct choice.Thus, ARP Requests are transmitted as broadcast packets .HCIA Huawei ACCESS Official Documentation , Chapter: ARP Protocol and Operation.Ethernet Networking Fundamentals by Huawei.

The Ethernet II frame is the most commonly used Ethernet frame format. It consists of several fields, and its structure is well-defined in networking standards.Structure of the Ethernet II Header :Destination MAC Address (6 bytes) : Specifies the MAC address of the intended recipient.Source MAC Address (6 bytes) : Specifies the MAC address of the sender.EtherType (2 bytes) : Indicates the protocol encapsulated in the payload (e.g., IPv4, ARP).Total Size : The Ethernet II header without a VLAN tag is 14 bytes in size.If a VLAN tag is added (using IEEE 802.1Q), the header size increases to 18 bytes due to the additional 4-byte VLAN tag.Why Not Other Options?32 bytes : This is incorrect because the Ethernet II header is much smaller.22 bytes : This is incorrect because the header size is fixed at 14 bytes (without VLAN tagging).18 bytes : This would only apply if VLAN tagging were included, which is not specified in the question.Thus, the correct answer is 14 bytes .HCIA Huawei ACCESS Official Documentation , Chapter: Ethernet Frame Structure.IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Standards .

MAC (Media Access Control) addresses are 48-bit identifiers assigned to network interfaces for communication on a local network.Allocation of MAC Addresses :MAC addresses are not allocated by the IETF . Instead, they are managed and assigned by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) .The IEEE assigns blocks of MAC addresses to hardware manufacturers (vendors), who then assign unique MAC addresses to their devices.Structure of MAC Addresses :The first 24 bits (Organizationally Unique Identifier, OUI) identify the manufacturer.The remaining 24 bits are assigned by the manufacturer to ensure global uniqueness.Why FALSE?The statement incorrectly attributes the allocation of MAC addresses to the IETF, which is responsible for Internet standards like TCP/IP, not MAC address allocation.Thus, the correct answer is FALSE .HCIA Huawei ACCESS Official Documentation , Chapter: MAC Addressing.IEEE OUI Assignment Process .

VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) are used to logically segment a network into smaller broadcast domains. VLANs can be categorized using various methods:Port-Based VLANs :VLAN membership is determined by the switch port to which a device is connected.Example: Ports 1--10 belong to VLAN 10, and ports 11--20 belong to VLAN 20.Protocol-Based VLANs :VLAN membership is determined by the protocol type (e.g., IPv4, IPv6, or AppleTalk) in the packet header. MAC Address-Based VLANs :VLAN membership is determined by the MAC address of the device.Example: Devices with specific MAC addresses are assigned to VLAN 10.Physical Location-Based VLANs :VLANs are not categorized based on physical locations. While VLANs can be used to group devices in different physical locations, this is not a standard method of VLAN categorization.Thus, the correct answer is C , as VLANs are not categorized based on physical locations.HCIA Huawei ACCESS Official Documentation , Chapter: VLAN Technologies.VLAN Segmentation Methods by Huawei.

Let us analyze each statement carefully:Option A :Incorrect : In inter-VLAN communication, hosts in different VLANs cannot directly communicate with each other because VLANs are isolated at Layer 2. Communication between VLANs requires a Layer 3 device (e.g., a router or Layer 3 switch).Hosts do not learn the MAC addresses of devices in other VLANs. Instead, they communicate through a gateway (router or VLANIF interface), and the gateway handles the forwarding.Option B :Correct : A VLAN is indeed a broadcast domain . Devices within the same VLAN share the same broadcast traffic, while devices in different VLANs do not.Option C :Incorrect : A VLAN is not a collision domain. Collision domains are defined at the data link layer (Layer 2) and are associated with individual switch ports or hubs. VLANs are logical groupings that span multiple switch ports and do not represent collision domains.Option D :Correct : VLANIF interfaces (also called Switch Virtual Interfaces, SVIs ) are logical Layer 3 interfaces configured on switches to enable inter-VLAN routing. These interfaces allow communication between VLANs by acting as gateways for each VLAN. Thus, the incorrect statements are A and C .HCIA Huawei ACCESS Official Documentation , Chapter: VLAN Fundamentals.Inter-VLAN Routing and VLANIF Interfaces by Huawei.

VLAN link types define how VLAN traffic is handled on switch ports. The three common VLAN link types are: Access Ports :Used to connect end devices (e.g., PCs, printers) to the switch.An access port belongs to only one VLAN and carries untagged traffic for that VLAN.Example: A PC connected to an access port in VLAN 10 sends and receives untagged traffic.Trunk Ports :Used to connect switches or routers to carry traffic for multiple VLANs.Trunk ports tag traffic with VLAN IDs using IEEE 802.1Q encapsulation.Example: A trunk port connecting two switches carries tagged traffic for VLANs 10, 20, and 30.Hybrid Ports :A hybrid port can carry both tagged and untagged traffic.It is flexible and can be used for scenarios where a mix of tagged and untagged traffic is required.Example: A hybrid port might send untagged traffic for VLAN 10 and tagged traffic for VLAN 20.Mix :This is not a standard VLAN link type and does not exist in Ethernet switch configurations.Thus, the correct answers are A (Trunk) , B (Access) , and C (Hybrid) .HCIA Huawei ACCESS Official Documentation , Chapter: VLAN Link Types.IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Tagging Standards .